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Showing posts from January, 2026

SSL connection failed

The ROOT error message SSL connection failed means that a secure SSL/TLS connection could not be successfully established between a client and a server. This is a global runtime and network-level failure that occurs before application data is transmitted. It is commonly encountered across Linux and Windows systems, Java and Spring Boot applications, Docker containers, web servers, APIs, databases, and cloud services that rely on encrypted communication such as HTTPS. When does this error occur? When connecting to an HTTPS service with an invalid or expired SSL certificate When the client and server do not support a common TLS version When required CA certificates are missing from the system or application trust store When a proxy, firewall, or load balancer interferes with SSL traffic When server-side SSL configuration is incorrect Root cause of SSL connection failed At the operating system and runtime level, SSL connection failed occurs when the SSL/TLS negot...

TLS handshake failed

The ROOT error message TLS handshake failed indicates that a secure connection could not be established between a client and a server. This error occurs at the network and runtime level during the Transport Layer Security (TLS) negotiation phase, before any application data is exchanged. It is commonly seen across Linux and Windows systems, Java and Spring Boot applications, Docker containers, web servers, APIs, databases, and cloud-based services that rely on HTTPS or encrypted communication. When does this error occur? When a client connects to a server using HTTPS but the TLS versions are incompatible When SSL/TLS certificates are expired, invalid, or untrusted When a server is misconfigured to use unsupported ciphers When Java or system trust stores are missing required CA certificates When network security devices interrupt encrypted traffic Root cause of TLS handshake failed At the OS and runtime level, TLS handshake failed occurs when the client and ser...

Proxy error

The Proxy error indicates a failure in communication between a client-facing server and an upstream server through a proxy. This is a global network and runtime-level error that commonly appears in web servers, APIs, cloud platforms, Java and Spring Boot applications, Docker environments, and enterprise systems. A Proxy error means the proxy server received the request but could not successfully forward it or receive a valid response from the backend service. When does this error occur? A reverse proxy cannot connect to the upstream application server The backend service is down or unreachable Incorrect proxy configuration or routing rules Network firewall or security group blocks backend traffic Timeouts or protocol mismatches between proxy and service Root cause of Proxy error The root cause of Proxy error is a breakdown in the proxy-to-upstream communication path. This can occur due to stopped services, incorrect host or port configuration, DNS resolution ...

Service unavailable

The Service unavailable error means that a server is currently unable to handle the request. This is a global runtime and network-level error that usually occurs when a service is temporarily overloaded, down for maintenance, or unable to communicate with required upstream components. The Service unavailable error is commonly seen across Linux and Windows servers, Java and Spring Boot applications, Docker containers, cloud platforms, APIs, databases, and load-balanced systems. When does this error occur? An application server is overloaded and cannot accept new requests A backend service is stopped or restarting A load balancer routes traffic to unhealthy instances A service is intentionally placed in maintenance mode A dependent service such as a database or cache is unavailable Root cause of Service unavailable The root cause of Service unavailable is the temporary inability of a service to process requests. This can be due to high CPU or memory usage, exha...

Gateway timeout

The Gateway timeout error means that a server acting as a gateway or proxy did not receive a response from an upstream server within the allowed time limit. This is a global network-level error commonly seen in web applications, APIs, cloud platforms, Java and Spring Boot services, Docker environments, databases, and enterprise servers. When a Gateway timeout occurs, the request reaches an intermediate server successfully, but the final backend service fails to respond in time. When does this error occur? An API gateway waits too long for a backend service response A reverse proxy forwards a request to a slow or overloaded server A load balancer routes traffic to an unhealthy application instance A database query or external API call exceeds the timeout limit A containerized service is running but not responding on time Root cause of Gateway timeout The root cause of Gateway timeout is a delay or failure in communication between a gateway server and an upstre...

Bad gateway

The Bad gateway error means that a server acting as a gateway or proxy received an invalid or no response from an upstream server. This is a global ROOT-level error that commonly appears in web servers, APIs, load balancers, and reverse proxy setups. It can occur across Linux and Windows systems, Java and Spring Boot applications, Docker containers, cloud platforms, and microservice architectures when inter-service communication fails. When does this error occur? A reverse proxy forwards a request to an upstream service that is down An API gateway cannot get a valid response from a backend service Timeouts or connection resets between proxy and upstream server Misconfigured upstream host, port, or protocol Overloaded backend services failing to respond correctly Root cause of Bad gateway At the network and application boundary, Bad gateway occurs when an intermediary server successfully receives a client request but fails to obtain a valid response from the ne...

Destination host unreachable

The Destination host unreachable error means that a network packet could not be delivered to the target host because the network stack determined that the destination cannot be reached. This is a global ROOT-level network error that occurs across Linux and Windows systems, Docker containers, virtual machines, cloud servers, and applications such as Java, Spring Boot, databases, and network services. It indicates a routing or reachability failure rather than an application-level problem. When does this error occur? Sending traffic to an IP address that is not reachable on the network Incorrect default gateway or routing table configuration Target host is down or disconnected from the network ARP resolution failure on local networks Firewall or network security rules blocking traffic Root cause of Destination host unreachable At the OS and network level, Destination host unreachable is generated when the network stack or an intermediate router determines that th...

Name or service not known

The Name or service not known error means that the system failed to resolve a hostname into an IP address because the name does not exist or cannot be resolved by the configured DNS resolver. This is a global ROOT-level DNS error that occurs across Linux and Unix-based systems, containers, Java and Spring Boot applications, databases, and network services when hostname resolution fails. When does this error occur? Accessing a hostname that does not exist in DNS Using an incorrect or misspelled domain or service name DNS resolver configuration is missing or invalid Containers or servers running without proper DNS settings Applications starting before DNS services are available Root cause of Name or service not known At the OS resolver level, Name or service not known occurs when the DNS lookup returns a permanent failure, indicating that the requested hostname cannot be resolved. This typically means the name is invalid, does not exist in DNS records, or the re...

Temporary failure in name resolution

The Temporary failure in name resolution error means that the system was unable to resolve a hostname to an IP address at the time of the request. This is a global DNS-related ROOT error that occurs when name resolution temporarily fails due to network, DNS server, or system configuration issues. It commonly appears on Linux servers, cloud instances, Docker containers, Java and Spring Boot applications, databases, and other network-dependent services. When does this error occur? Accessing a domain name when DNS servers are unreachable System startup before network or DNS services are fully ready Running applications inside containers with misconfigured DNS Temporary network outages or packet loss Incorrect or missing DNS configuration on the system Root cause of Temporary failure in name resolution At the OS and network level, Temporary failure in name resolution occurs when the DNS resolver cannot contact a configured DNS server or receive a valid response. T...

Network timeout

The Network timeout error means that a network operation failed because a response was not received within the expected time limit. This is a global ROOT-level condition that can occur across Linux and Windows systems, Java and Spring Boot applications, Docker containers, databases, APIs, and distributed server environments. A network timeout indicates delayed or interrupted communication between systems over the network. When does this error occur? Calling a remote API or service that responds very slowly Network congestion causing packet delays or loss Firewall or security rules delaying or blocking traffic Server under heavy load and unable to respond in time DNS resolution or routing delays Root cause of Network timeout At the OS and network level, Network timeout occurs when packets sent over TCP or UDP do not receive a timely acknowledgment or response within the configured timeout window. This can be caused by slow networks, unstable connections, overlo...

Request timed out

The Request timed out error means that a client sent a network request but did not receive a response within the allowed time limit. This is a global timeout condition that can occur across operating systems and applications, including Linux and Windows systems, Java and Spring Boot services, Docker containers, databases, APIs, and remote servers. The error indicates that communication was attempted but the target system failed to respond in time. When does this error occur? Connecting to a remote server or API that is slow or unresponsive Network packets being dropped due to firewall or routing issues Calling an external service with a timeout value that is too low Database or microservice taking too long to process a request DNS resolution or network congestion delaying the connection Root cause of Request timed out At the OS and network level, Request timed out occurs when a TCP or UDP request does not receive a response within the configured timeout window...

Connection closed

The root error message Connection closed indicates that an established network connection was terminated by one side before the expected data transfer completed. This error commonly appears in client-server communication across Linux, Windows, Java applications, Spring Boot services, Docker containers, databases, and distributed systems where TCP/IP connections are used. When does this error occur? A server application closes the socket while the client is still sending or receiving data. A client disconnects unexpectedly due to a timeout or application crash. A reverse proxy or load balancer terminates idle or long-running connections. A firewall or network device resets inactive connections. An application closes a stream without properly finishing the protocol handshake. Root cause of Connection closed At the OS and network level, Connection closed occurs when one endpoint sends a TCP FIN or closes the socket, making the connection unavailable for further r...

Too many symbolic links

The root error message Too many symbolic links indicates that the operating system failed to resolve a file or directory path because it encountered an excessive number of symbolic link references. This error commonly appears on Linux and Unix-like systems, but it can also surface in macOS, containers, servers, and applications like Java, Docker, and database services that rely on the underlying filesystem. When does this error occur? When a symbolic link points to itself directly or indirectly, creating a loop. When multiple symbolic links form a circular reference chain. When an application follows deeply nested symbolic links beyond system limits. When misconfigured deployment scripts create recursive symlinks. When container volume mounts include cyclic symbolic links. Root cause of Too many symbolic links At the OS level, the filesystem enforces a maximum limit on how many symbolic links can be resolved while traversing a path. The Too many symbolic links ...

File descriptor limit exceeded

File descriptor limit exceeded is a global runtime error that occurs when an operating system process reaches the maximum number of file descriptors it is allowed to open. File descriptors are used for files, network sockets, pipes, and devices. This error is commonly seen on Linux and Unix-like systems, but it can also surface in Java applications, Spring Boot services, Docker containers, databases, and high-traffic servers. When does this error occur? A server application opens many network connections without closing them. A program continuously opens files or logs in a loop. A Java or Spring Boot service leaks sockets or streams. A Docker container inherits low file descriptor limits. A database or proxy handles more concurrent clients than allowed. Root cause of File descriptor limit exceeded The operating system enforces a per-process and system-wide limit on open file descriptors to protect system stability. When a process exceeds this limit, the kernel r...

Connection aborted

The Connection aborted error indicates that an established network connection was unexpectedly terminated before the operation could complete. This is a global ROOT error that appears across Linux, Windows, Java, Spring Boot, Dockerized applications, databases, and client-server systems. It means the connection was forcefully closed by the local system, remote peer, or an intermediate network layer. When does this error occur? A client application sends or receives data after the socket has been closed A server process crashes or restarts while handling an active connection Firewall or security software forcibly terminates a connection Network interruptions during long-running requests or uploads Timeout or protocol mismatch causes the OS to abort the connection Root cause of Connection aborted The Connection aborted error occurs when the operating system forcibly closes a TCP connection that is still in use. This can happen due to application-level crashes, i...

Process limit exceeded

The root error message Process limit exceeded indicates that an operating system or runtime environment has reached the maximum number of processes allowed for a user, service, or the entire system. This error commonly appears on Linux and Unix-based systems, but it can also surface indirectly in Java applications, Spring Boot services, Docker containers, CI/CD runners, and database servers when the OS refuses to create new processes. When does this error occur? A server or VM is running many background services or scripts simultaneously. An application spawns processes or threads in a loop without proper limits. A user-level process limit is configured too low on a Linux system. Containers inherit restrictive process limits from the host system. Automated jobs or cron tasks start overlapping executions. Root cause of Process limit exceeded At the OS level, every process consumes kernel resources. To protect system stability, operating systems enforce limits on...

File name too long

The error File name too long occurs when an operating system or filesystem rejects a file or directory name because it exceeds the allowed length. This is a global ROOT error enforced at the OS and filesystem level and commonly appears on Linux, macOS, Unix systems, and environments such as Docker containers, build tools, Java applications, and network-mounted filesystems. When does this error occur? Creating or extracting files with very long names or deeply nested directories Running build tools that generate long package or class paths Copying files from one filesystem type to another with stricter limits Unzipping archives created on different operating systems Applications dynamically generating filenames using long identifiers Root cause of File name too long This error occurs because filesystems enforce fixed limits on individual filename length and total path length. Most Unix-like filesystems allow a maximum of 255 bytes per filename and a limited tota...

Connection reset by peer

The error message Connection reset by peer indicates that an established network connection was forcibly closed by the remote system. This error is generated at the operating system or network stack level and commonly appears in Linux, Windows, Java applications, Spring Boot services, Docker containers, databases, and distributed server environments where TCP connections are used. When does this error occur? A server application terminates or crashes while a client connection is active A firewall or network device forcefully closes an idle or restricted connection A service restarts while clients are still sending requests A proxy or load balancer drops the connection unexpectedly A timeout or protocol mismatch causes the remote host to reset the TCP session Root cause of Connection reset by peer At the TCP layer, the remote system sends a reset (RST) packet instead of completing a normal connection shutdown. This means the peer decided to immediately terminate...

Too many processes

The ROOT error Too many processes indicates that the operating system has reached its limit for the number of processes that can be created. This error appears across Linux and Unix-like systems, servers, containers, Java runtimes, application servers, and background services when new processes or threads cannot be spawned due to system-level restrictions. When does this error occur? A server creates many short-lived processes in a loop or cron job. An application leaks processes or threads without proper cleanup. User-level process limits are set too low. Containers inherit restrictive process limits from the host. High traffic causes excessive worker or forked processes. Root cause of Too many processes This error occurs when the operating system refuses to create a new process because the maximum allowed process count has been reached. The limit may be enforced per user, per container, or system-wide through kernel settings and resource limits, preventing fu...

Broken pipe

The root error Broken pipe occurs when a process tries to write data to a pipe, socket, or stream that has already been closed on the receiving end. This error is common across Linux, macOS, Unix systems, and also appears in Java applications, Docker containers, network services, and server-side software that relies on inter-process or network communication. When does this error occur? A process writes to a pipe after the reading process has exited A network client sends data after the server closes the connection A Java or application server writes to a closed socket A Docker container stops while another process is still sending output A script pipes output to a command that terminates early Root cause of Broken pipe At the operating system level, Broken pipe is raised when a write operation targets a communication channel whose receiving endpoint no longer exists. The OS kernel detects that the pipe or socket has been closed and sends a SIGPIPE signal or wr...

Device or resource busy

The error message Device or resource busy indicates that an operating system resource is currently in use and cannot be accessed, modified, or released at that moment. This is a low-level OS error commonly seen on Linux and Unix-like systems, but it can also surface indirectly in containers, databases, build tools, and applications that rely on the underlying filesystem or kernel resources. When does this error occur? Trying to unmount a filesystem that is still being used by a process Deleting or modifying a file that is currently open by another process Formatting or mounting a device that already has active I/O operations Stopping or restarting services that still hold file or socket locks Cleaning up build or runtime directories in use by background jobs Root cause of Device or resource busy At the OS level, Device or resource busy occurs when the kernel prevents an operation because the target device, file, or directory is actively referenced by one or mo...

Read-only file system

The error message "Read-only file system" indicates that the operating system has mounted a storage device in read-only mode, preventing any write operations. This commonly occurs on Linux systems but can also appear in containers, servers, cloud VMs, databases, and applications like Java or Docker that rely on the underlying file system. When a file system becomes read-only, the system allows reading data but blocks modifications to protect data integrity. When does this error occur? Attempting to create, modify, or delete files on a disk mounted as read-only After an unexpected system shutdown or power failure When disk corruption or file system errors are detected Inside Docker containers using read-only volumes or root filesystems When storage devices reach critical error states or hardware issues Root cause of Read-only file system At the OS level, the kernel remounts a file system as read-only when it detects inconsistencies, corruption, or I/O e...

No route to host

The error message No route to host indicates that the operating system cannot find a valid network path to reach a remote system. This is a low-level network error generated by the OS networking stack and commonly appears on Linux servers, cloud instances, Docker containers, Java applications, and database clients when attempting to connect to another machine over a network. When does this error occur? Connecting to a remote server whose network route is missing or broken Trying to access a service blocked by firewall or security group rules Routing tables not configured correctly on the client or server Network interface is down or misconfigured Cloud or virtual network misconfiguration (VPC, subnet, gateway) Root cause of No route to host The error occurs when the operating system cannot determine a valid network route to the destination IP address. This typically means the packet is blocked before reaching the target host due to missing routes, disabled inte...

Resource temporarily unavailable

The Resource temporarily unavailable error indicates that a requested system resource cannot be accessed at the moment, but may become available later. This message is commonly returned by the operating system for non-blocking operations when a resource such as CPU time, file descriptors, locks, or network sockets is currently exhausted or busy. It appears across Linux and Windows systems, Java and Spring Boot applications, Docker containers, databases, and high-concurrency server environments. When does this error occur? Non-blocking I/O operations when resources are busy High-load systems with temporary CPU or thread starvation Applications hitting short-lived file descriptor or lock limits Network services under burst traffic conditions Containerized workloads with tight resource constraints Root cause of Resource temporarily unavailable This error occurs at the OS and kernel level when a resource request cannot be satisfied immediately, but the condition is...

Directory not empty

The Directory not empty error indicates that an operation attempted to remove or replace a directory that still contains files or subdirectories. Modern operating systems prevent such actions to avoid accidental data loss. This root error appears on Linux and Windows systems, Java and Spring Boot applications, Docker containers, build processes, and server environments that perform file system cleanup or deployment tasks. When does this error occur? Deleting a directory that still contains files or subdirectories Automated cleanup scripts removing application folders Application startup or shutdown routines cleaning temp directories Container or deployment processes resetting persistent paths File system operations on directories used by running processes Root cause of Directory not empty This error occurs at the file system level when a directory removal operation is requested on a path that contains one or more entries. The OS enforces directory integrity rul...

Host is unreachable

The Host is unreachable error indicates that the operating system cannot reach the target host on the network. This means packets cannot be delivered to the destination system even though a network interface is available. The error commonly appears on Linux and Windows systems, Java and Spring Boot applications, Docker containers, databases, and server environments that rely on IP-based communication. When does this error occur? Connecting to a remote server that is powered off or disconnected Accessing a host on a different subnet without proper routing Calling external services blocked by firewall rules Container-to-host or container-to-container communication failures Incorrect IP address or network mask configuration Root cause of Host is unreachable This error occurs at the OS networking layer when a valid route exists to the network, but the destination host itself cannot be reached. Causes include the target machine being offline, incorrect IP configurat...